Principal Component Analysis in an image with scikit-learn and scikit-image
from sklearn.decomposition import PCA
from pylab import *
from skimage import data, io, color
link = "http://perierga.gr/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/coca_cola.jpg"
coke_gray = io.imread(link,as_grey=True)
subplot(2, 2, 1)
io.imshow(coke_gray)
xlabel('Original Image')
for i in range(1, 4):
n_comp = 5 ** i
pca = PCA(n_components = n_comp)
pca.fit(coke_gray)
coke_gray_pca = pca.fit_transform(coke_gray)
# subplot(2, 2, 2)
# io.imshow(coke_gray_pca)
# xlabel('Image after applying PCA')
coke_gray_restored = pca.inverse_transform(coke_gray_pca)
subplot(2, 2, i+1)
io.imshow(coke_gray_restored)
xlabel('Restored image n_components = %s' %n_comp)
print 'Variance retained %s %%' %((1 - sum(pca.explained_variance_ratio_) / size(pca.explained_variance_ratio_)) * 100)
print 'Compression Ratio %s %%' %(float(size(coke_gray_pca)) / size(coke_gray) * 100)
show()
Results :
Variance retained 88.3180045424 %
Compression Ratio 1.11111111111 %
Variance retained 96.3950735582 %
Compression Ratio 5.55555555556 %
Variance retained 99.2024310938 %
Compression Ratio 27.7777777778 %
As we can see, we can compress an image using PCA without a significant loss of its variance.
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